EXCEL FORCE MSC BERHAD 71 Notes to the Financial Statements (Cont’d) 3. Significant Accounting Policies (Cont’d) (h) Financial liabilities (Cont’d) A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as a derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability, and the difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognised in profit or loss. (i) Offsetting of financial instruments Financial asset and financial liability are offset and the net amount is reported in the statements of financial position if, and only if, there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, or to realise the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously. (j) Inventories Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost of inventories comprise cost of purchase and other costs incurred in bringing it to their present location and condition are determined on a first-in-first-out basis. Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale. (k) Cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash in hand, bank balances, demand deposits, bank overdrafts and shortterm highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to known amount of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value. For the purpose of statements of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents are presented net of bank overdrafts and pledged deposits, if any. (l) Impairment of assets (i) Non-financial assets The carrying amounts of non-financial assets (except for inventories) are reviewed at the end of each reporting period to determine whether there is any indication of impairment. If any such indication exists, the asset’s recoverable amount is estimated. For goodwill and intangible assets that have indefinite useful lives, or that are not yet available for use, the recoverable amount is estimated each period at the same time. For the purpose of impairment testing, assets are grouped together into the smallest group of assets that generates cash inflows from continuing use that are largely independent of the cash inflows of other assets or cash-generating units. Subject to operating segment ceiling test, for the purpose of goodwill impairment testing, cash-generating units to which goodwill has been allocated are aggregated so that the level at which impairment testing is performed reflects the lowest level at which goodwill is monitored for internal reporting purposes. The goodwill acquired in a business combination, for the purpose of impairment testing, is allocated to a cash-generating unit or a group of cash-generating units that are expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination. The recoverable amount of an asset or cash-generating unit is the greater of its value in use and its fair value less costs of disposal. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset or cash-generating unit. An impairment loss is recognised if the carrying amount of an asset or cash-generating unit exceeds its estimated recoverable amount. Impairment loss is recognised in profit or loss.
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