Maxis Berhad | Annual Report 2012

Maxis Berhad // Annual Report 2012 107 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CORPORATE GOVERNANCE ANALYSIS OF SHAREHOLDINGS OTHER INFORMATION ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING 3 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED) (a) Basis of consolidation (continued) (ii) Changes in ownership interests in subsidiaries without change of control Transactions with non-controlling interests that do not result in loss of control are accounted for as equity transactions – that is, as transactions with the owners in their capacity as owners. The difference between fair value of any consideration paid and the relevant share acquired of the carrying value of net assets of the subsidiary is recorded in equity. Gains or losses on disposals to non-controlling interests are also recorded in equity. (iii) Disposal of subsidiaries When the Group ceases to have control, any retained interest in the entity is re-measured to its fair value at the date when control is lost, with the change in carrying amount recognised in the income statement. The fair value is the initial carrying amount for the purposes of subsequently accounting for the retained interest as an associate, joint venture or financial asset. In addition, any amounts previously recognised in other comprehensive income in respect of that entity are accounted for as if the Group had directly disposed of the related assets or liabilities. This may mean that amounts previously recognised in other comprehensive income are reclassified to the income statement. (b) Foreign currencies (i) Functional and presentation currency Items included in the financial statements of each of the Group’s entities are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates (the “functional currency”). These financial statements are presented in Ringgit Malaysia (“RM”), which is the Company’s functional and presentation currency. When there is a change in an entity’s functional currency, the entity shall apply the translation procedures applicable to the new functional currency prospectively from the date of the change. (ii) Transactions and balances Transactions in foreign currencies are translated to the respective functional currencies of the Group entities using the exchange rates prevailing at the date of the transactions. Monetary assets and liabilities in foreign currencies at the reporting date are translated into the functional currency at exchange rates ruling at the date. Exchange differences arising from the settlement of foreign currency transactions and the translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at year end are recognised in the income statement. (iii) Group companies The results and financial position of all the Group entities (none of which has the currency of a hyperinflationary economy) that have a functional currency different from the presentation currency are translated into the presentation currency as follows: • assets and liabilities for each statement of financial position presented are translated at the closing rate at the date of that statement of financial position; • income and expenses for each income statement are translated at average exchange rates (unless this average is not a reasonable approximation of the cumulative effect of the rates prevailing on the transaction dates, in which case income and expenses are translated at the rate on the dates of the transactions); and • all resulting exchange differences are recognised as a separate component of equity. On consolidation, exchange differences arising from the translation of the net investment in foreign operations are taken to shareholders’ equity. When a foreign operation is disposed of, exchange differences that were recorded in equity are recognised in the income statement as part of the gain or loss on sale.