176 YINSON HOLDINGS BERHAD ACCOUNTABILITY 2. SUMMARY OF MATERIAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED) 2.6 Revenue from contracts with customers (continued) The specific recognition criteria described below must also be met before revenue is recognised. (i) Engineering, Procurement, Construction, Installation and Commissioning (“EPCIC”) of Floating Production, Storage and Offloading (“FPSO”) vessels The Group provides design, supply, installation, operation, life extension and demobilisation of FPSO vessels. The vessel is constructed and leased to a customer on a finance lease arrangement (EPCIC contracts). The vessel is operated by the Group, under a separate operating and maintenance agreement, after transfer to the customer. The contract includes multiple deliverables such as Front-End Engineering Design (“FEED”), engineering, construction, procurement, installation, maintenance, operating services, demobilisation. The Group assesses the level of integration between different deliverables and ability of the deliverables to be performed by another party. Based on this assessment, the Group concludes whether the multiple deliverables are a single, or separate, performance obligation(s). The Group determines the transaction price based on consideration stated in the contract and transaction price is allocated to performance obligations in the contract based on the relative stand-alone selling prices. The contract has agreed fixed pricing terms and a fixed lump sum. The EPCIC contract generally comprises a single performance obligation due to significant integration of the activities involved. Finance lease arrangements under which the Group constructs and delivers an FPSO vessel to a customer are treated as outright sales (refer to Note 2.12(b)), therefore revenue is recognised as the lower of (i) the fair value of the underlying leased FPSO, or (ii) the present value of the lease payments accruing to the lessor, discounted using a market rate of interest. In order to determine the revenue to be recognised based on this policy, the Group determines discounting using a market rate of interest that takes into account among others: time value of money, financing structure, country risk and risk profile of a client and project. At contract inception, the Group assesses whether the Group renders EPCIC services and transfers control of the FPSO vessel over time or at a point in time by determining if (a) its performance does not create an asset with an alternative use to the Group; and (b) the Group has an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date. Where the FPSO vessel has no alternative use for the Group due to contractual restriction, and where the Group has enforceable rights to payment arising from the contractual terms, revenue is recognised over time by reference to the Group’s progress towards completing the EPCIC of the FPSO vessels. Otherwise, revenue is recognised at a point in time. The measure of progress is determined based on the proportion of contract costs incurred to date to the estimated total contract costs. Costs incurred that are not related to the EPCIC contract or that do not contribute towards satisfying a performance obligation are excluded from the measure of progress and instead are expensed as incurred. Management has determined that the input method best depicts the Group’s performance in transferring control of the FPSO vessel to the customer for its ongoing EPCIC contract, as it reflects the Group’s efforts incurred to date relative to the total inputs expected to be incurred for these contracts. Up to the point that the Group can reasonably measure the outcome of the performance obligation, revenue is only recognised to the extent of costs incurred. Estimates of revenues, costs, or extent of progress toward completion are revised if circumstances change. Any resulting increases or decreases in estimated revenues or costs are reflected in the profit or loss in the period in which the circumstances that give rise to the revision become known by management.
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