The following table outlines the key types of pollution from our construction sites and key mitigation measures: Pollution Type Description Mitigation/Initiatives Air Pollution Dust & Particulate Matter: Generated during land clearing, excavation, demolition, and material handling. Exposure to this can lead to respiratory issues for workers and air pollution in the surrounding environment Air emissions: Carbon Dioxide (“CO ”) and Nitrogen Oxides (“NO ”) are GHG emissions arising from the operation of construction vehicles and machinery. Overall contributes to climate change, air pollution and acid rain Pollution control and monitoring: • Air quality monitoring To reduce airborne dust: • Wet suppression methods: Water spraying/ Misting systems at various points of our operations • Dust suppressants for the roads • Construction hoarding: Physical barrier to contain dust/debris, shield against wind, and prevent the dispersion of particles Protecting our people: More information can be found in the “Health and Safety” section of our Sustainability Statement. • Specialised training conducted for all workers • Personal Protective Equipment (“PPE”) provided Noise Pollution Drilling and land excavation involves the use of heavy machinery, which produces significant noise, a ecting workers’ physical and mental health and possibly disrupting nearby communities Pollution control and monitoring: • Regular equipment maintenance • Installation of noise barriers, screens and enclosures around machinery Protecting our people: • Provision of PPE for all workers • Regular equipment maintenance • Noise level monitoring: < dBA at operating sites E uents The main types of construction e uent include stormwater runo , concrete wash water, chemical spills, sediment-laden water from excavation, paint/oil residentials and cleaning water from equipment washdowns. All of these can contain pollutants like suspended solids, heavy metals, chemicals and oils, depending on the construction activities involved Pollution control and monitoring: • Screening – removing large debris like wood scraps and rocks using a coarse mesh screen • Sediment tanks – allowing heavier solids to settle to the bottom of a tank by gravity, where they can be removed as sludge If necessary, we also consider secondary treatment of e uent, which includes: • Filtration – using sad filters or other media to remove smaller suspended particles • Chemical treatment – adding chemicals like flocculants to further aggregate solids for easier removals At a minimum, we ensure compliance with prescribed water and e uent discharge Sediment These are sediments due to land erosion due to construction activity. Sediments that escape our construction sites, especially in large amounts, can enter streams or wetlands – resulting in physical hindrance to navigation or creating flood risk Pollution control and monitoring: • Implement the Erosion and Sediment Control Plan, which is based on best practices issued by local authorities to prevent any erosion and resulting sedimentation at our sites 140 ANNUAL REPORT 2024
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