MKH Annual Report 2018

106 MKH Berhad Annual Report 2018 3. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont’d) (a) Basis of consolidation (Cont’d) When the Group loses control of a subsidiary, a gain or a loss is recognised and is calculated as the di erence between (i) the aggregate of the fair value of the consideration received and the fair value of any retained interest and (ii) the previous carrying amount of the assets (including goodwill), and liabilities of the subsidiary and any non-controlling interests. All amounts previously recognised in other comprehensive income in relation to the subsidiary are accounted for as if the Group had directly disposed of the relevant assets or liabilities of the subsidiary (i.e. reclassified to profit or loss or transferred to another category of equity as specified/permitted by applicable FRSs). The fair value of any investment retained in the former subsidiary at the date when control is lost is regarded as the fair value on initial recognition for subsequent accounting under FRS 139 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement or, when applicable, the cost on initial recognition of an investment in an associate or joint venture. In the Company’s separate financial statements, investments in subsidiaries are stated at cost less accumulated impairment losses. On disposal of such investments, the di erence between net disposal proceeds and their carrying amounts is included in profit or loss. (b) Business combinations Acquisitions of subsidiaries and businesses are accounted for using the acquisition method. The consideration transferred in a business combination is measured at fair value, which is calculated as the sum of the acquisition date fair value of assets transferred by the Group, liabilities incurred by the Group to the former owners of the acquiree and equity instruments issued by the Group in exchange for control of the acquiree. Acquisition-related costs are recognised in profit or loss as incurred. At acquisition date, the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed are recognised at their fair value, except that: • deferred tax assets or liabilities and liabilities or assets related to employee benefit arrangements are recognised and measured in accordance with FRS 112 Income Taxes and FRS 119 Employee Benefits respectively; • liabilities or equity instruments related to the share-based payment arrangements of the acquiree or share- based payment arrangements of the Group entered into to replace share-based payment arrangements of the acquiree are measured in accordance with FRS 2 Share-based Payment at the acquisition date; and • assets (or disposal groups) that are classified as held for sale in accordance with FRS 5 Non-current Assets Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations are measured in accordance with that Standard. Goodwill is measured as the excess of the sum of the consideration transferred, the amount of any non- controlling interests in the acquiree, and the fair value of the acquirer’s previously held equity interest in the acquiree (if any) over the net of the acquisition date amounts of the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed. If, after reassessment, the net of the acquisition-date amounts of the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed exceeds the sum of the consideration transferred, the amount of any non-controlling interests in the acquiree and the fair value of the acquirer’s previously held equity interest in the acquiree (if any), the excess is recognised immediately in profit or loss as a bargain purchase gain. When the consideration transferred by the Group in a business combination includes assets or liabilities resulting from a contingent consideration arrangement, the contingent consideration is measured at its acquisition date fair value. Changes in the fair value of the contingent consideration that qualify as measurement period adjustments are adjusted retrospectively, with corresponding adjustments against goodwill. Measurement period adjustments are adjustments that arise from additional information obtained during the ‘measurement period’ (which cannot exceed one year from the acquisition date) about facts and circumstances that existed at the acquisition date. FOR THE FINANCIAL YEAR ENDED 30 SEPTEMBER 2018 NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS