ANNUAL REPORT 2025 061 SUSTAINABILITY STATEMENT Progress Emissions Management7 GHG Emissions Scopes Unit FY2023 FY2024 FY2025 Before After Variance Before After Variance Total Scope 18 – Direct GHG Emissions tCO₂e 8,809 8,782 -27 (-0.3%) 13,316 13,375 59 (0.4%) 18,603 Total Scope 29 – Indirect GHG Emissions tCO₂e 2,386 2,458 72 (3%) 3,915 3,915 - 3,387 Purchased electricity (location-based) tCO₂e 2,386 2,458 3,915 3,915 - 3,387 Purchased electricity (market-based) tCO₂e 0 0 - 0 0 - 0 Total Scope 310 – Other Indirect GHG Emissions tCO₂e - - - - - - 4,467 Category 6 – Business Travel tCO₂e - - - - - - 24.23 Category 7 – Employee Commuting11 tCO₂e - - - - - - 4,442.43 Total GHG Emissions tCO₂e 11,195 11,240 45 (0.4%) 17,231 17,290 59 (0.3%) 26,457 Total Emissions Avoidance tCO₂e - - - - - - 594 Notes: 7. Pursuant to a review of our GHG inventories, restatements have been performed for the following Scope 1 and Scope 2 disclosures that were disclosed in our past Sustainability Reports (FY2023 and FY2024) due to errors and incomplete disclosures discovered. In particular, the restated disclosures cover all our material categories. 8. Scope 1 emissions includes emissions from petrol and diesel. Emission factors for 2023 and 2024 were based on DEFRA/DESNZ UK, 2024, while 2025 emissions were calculated using DEFRA/DESNZ UK, 2025. Past emissions were not recalculated to maintain consistency with previously reported data. 9. Scope 2 emissions includes emissions from purchased electricity. Scope 2 emissions for FY2023 and FY2024 were calculated using the Peninsular Malaysia grid emission factor (GEF) of 0.774 kgCO₂/kWh from the Malaysian Grid Emission Factor (2017–2022) dataset, which was the latest available at the time of reporting and were not restated following the release of updated factors. FY2025 emissions were calculated using the provisional Peninsular Malaysia GEF (2022–2024) reported by MyEnergyStats. 10. Scope 3 emissions include emissions from two (2) out of the fifteen (15) categories of Scope 3 emissions: Category 6, Business travel and Category 7, Employee commuting only – rounded to the nearest absolute number. Emissions calculated for air travel uses the ICAO Carbon Emissions Calculator Methodology (Version 13.1), using distance-based method. Emission factor for business travel and other employee commuting is sourced from UK Department for Energy Security and Net Zero (DESNZ) or also known as DEFRA factors, 2025. 11. For Mode of transport that uses electricity from the grid, its emissions are calculated using the Grid Emission Factor (GEF) for Peninsular Malaysia (2022-2024) (Provisional) of 0.740 kgCO₂e/kWh for the year 2024, as reported by MyEnergyStats and sourced from the Malaysia Energy Information Hub (MEIH), managed by the Energy Commission of Malaysia.
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