185 NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 31 DECEMBER 2025 06 / FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 01 02 03 04 05 07 08 09 3. ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONT’D.) 3.4 Material accounting policy information (cont’d.) (e) Goodwill and intangible assets (cont’d.) (ii) Other intangible assets Intangible assets acquired separately are measured on initial recognition at cost. The cost of intangible assets acquired in a business combination is their fair values as at the date of acquisition. Following initial recognition, intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Internally generated intangible assets, excluding capitalised development costs, are not capitalised and expenditure is reflected in profit or loss in the financial year in which the expenditure is incurred. The useful lives of intangible assets are assessed as either finite or indefinite. Intangible assets with finite lives are amortised over their economic useful lives and assessed for impairment whenever there is an indication that the intangible asset may be impaired. The amortisation period and the amortisation method for an intangible asset with a finite useful life is reviewed at least at the end of each reporting period. Changes in the expected useful life or the expected pattern of consumption of future economic benefits embedded in the asset are accounted for by changing the amortisation period or method, as appropriate, and are treated as changes in accounting estimates. The amortisation expense on intangible assets with finite lives is recognised in profit or loss in the expense category consistent with the function of the intangible assets. Intangible assets are amortised over their finite useful lives at the following annual rate: Computer software and licence 14.28% to 33.33% Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortised, but are tested for impairment annually, either individually or at the cash-generating unit level. The assessment of indefinite useful life is reviewed annually to determine whether the indefinite life continues to be supportable. If not, the change in the useful life from indefinite to finite is made on a prospective basis. Gains or losses arising from derecognition of an intangible asset are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and are recognised in profit or loss when the asset is derecognised. (f) Financial instruments – initial recognition Financial assets and liabilities, with the exception of loans, advances and financing to customers and balances due to clients, are initially recognised on the trade date, i.e., the date that the Group and the Bank become a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. This includes regular way trades: purchases or sales of financial assets that require delivery of assets within the time frame generally established by regulation or convention in the market place. Loans, advances and financing to customers are recognised when funds are transferred to the customers’ accounts. The Bank recognises balances due to clients when settlement has yet to be made on outstanding contracts which have been entered into on behalf of the clients.
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