Financial Statements Notes to the Financial Statements 35. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (continued) (viii) Fair value information (continued) Valuation techniques and significant unobservable inputs (continued) (b) Financial instruments not carried at fair value Type Valuation technique Group Unsecured fixed rate medium term notes Market comparison: The fair value is estimated taking into consideration of the quoted price. Loans and borrowings Discounted cash flows: Based on the current market rate of borrowing of the respective Group entities at the reporting date. 36. CAPITAL MANAGEMENT The Group’s objectives when managing capital is to maintain a strong capital base and safeguard the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern, so as to maintain investor, creditor and market confidence and to sustain future development of the business. The Group monitors and maintains an optimal debt-to-equity ratio that complies with debt covenants and regulatory requirements. Group 2023 2022 Note RM’000 RM’000 Loans and borrowings 20 8,311,387 9,158,780 Bank overdrafts 77,885 44,135 Lease liabilities 1,660,491 1,631,041 Less: Cash and cash equivalents 15 (2,379,123) (3,663,511) Net debt 7,670,640 7,170,445 Total equity 32,358,650 29,159,057 Debt-to-equity ratio 0.24 0.25 There were no changes in the Group’s approach to capital management during the financial year. IHH Healthcare Berhad 222
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